2nd Year MCQs Biology
Chapter No. 1 Homeostasis
Q.11 Blood is specially filtered in glomerulus, because glomerular walls are porous, and the fraction of the ______ reaching here provides the filtration pressure.
A) Osmotic pressure
B) Blood pressure
C) Interstitial pressure
D) Diffusion pressure
Answer:
B) Blood pressure
Answer:
Answer is “Blood pressure”.
Explanation:
The net filtration pressure (NFP) at the glomerulus is the difference between the net hydrostatic pressure and the blood colloid osmotic pressure acting across the glomerular capillaries. This is the average pressure forcing water and dissolved materials out of the glomerular capillaries into the capsular space.
Q.12 After coming out of the capsule as efferent arteriole, the blood vessel subdivides again into another network of capillaries called:
A) Vasa recta
B) Afferent arteriole
C) Peritubular capillaries
D) Renal vein
Answer:
C) Peritubular capillaries
Answer:
Answer is “Peritubular capillaries”.
Explanation:
Peritubular capillaries constitute a network of tiny blood vessels that travel alongside nephrons, allowing reabsorption and secretion between blood and the inner lumen of the nephron. Peritubular capillaries surround the proximal and distal tubules, as well as the loop of Henle where they are known ass Vasa recta.
Q.13 Bowman’s capsule continues as:
A) Proximal tubule
B) Distal tubule
C) Loop of Henle
D) Urine collecting duct
Answer:
A) Proximal tubule
Answer:
Answer is “Proximal tubules”.
Explanation:
Proximal tubule receive filtrate from Bowman’s capsule.
Q.14 The collecting tubule receives wastes from:
A) Renal pelvis
B) Distal tubule
C) Proximal tubule
D) Loop of Henle
Answer:
B) Distal tubule
Answer:
Answer is “Distal tubules”
Explanation:
Distal tube opens into collecting tubule.
Q.15 Blood passing through _______ is filtered into Bowman’s capsule.
A) Peritubular network
B) Glomerulus
C) Afferent arteriole
D) Efferent arteriole
Answer:
B) Glomerulus
Answer:
Answer is “Glomerulus”.
Explanation:
Glomerular membrane is used as initial filtering membrane.
Q.16 Blood is specially filtered in glomerulus, because glomerulus walls are porous and the fraction of the pressure reaching here provides the:
A) Osmotic pressure
B) Filtration pressure
C) Diffusion pressure
D) Osmotic pressure
Answer:
B) Filtration pressure
Answer:
Answer is “Filtration pressure”.
Explanation:
Blood pressure provides the pressure required for pressure filtration.
Q.17 Glomerular filtrate contains numerous useful substances such as:
A) Glucose, amino acids, urea
B) Glucose, uric acid, salts
C) Glucose, amino acids, salts
D) Urea, uric acid, ammonia
Answer:
C) Glucose, amino acids, salts
Answer:
Answer is “Glucose, amino acids, salts”.
Explanation:
These useful substances are filtered out in aqueous solution along with waste substances from glomerulus into the Bowman’s capsule.
Q.18 All useful constituents of the glomerular filtrate are reabsorbed in:
A) Distal tubule
B) Loop of Henle
C) Proximal tubule
D) Collecting tubule
Answer:
C) Proximal tubule
Answer:
Answer is “Proximal tubule”.
Explanation:
All useful constituents of the glomerular filtrate are reabsorbed in the proximal tubules and when filtrate leaves proximal tubules, it mostly contains nitrogenous wastes.
Q.19 The tubular epithelium also secretes substances into the lumen, which is mainly of:
A) Hydrogen ions
B) Hydroxyl ions
C) Potassium ions
D) Sodium ions
Answer:
A) Hydrogen ions
Answer:
Answer is “Hydrogen ions”.
Explanation:
Hydrogen ions make pH acidic to give the urine an antiseptic effect.
Q.20 Conservation of water is the principal function of the body in:
A) Surplus supply of water
B) Restricted supply of water
C) Sufficient supply of water
D) Excess supply of water
Answer:
B) Restricted supply of water
Answer:
Answer is “Restricted supply of water”.
Explanation:
When supply of water to the body is restricted the water inside the body is conserved to compensate it and vice versa. Thus volume of the urine is reduced and it becomes concentrated.
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