2nd Year MCQs Biology
Chapter No. 1 Homeostasis
Q.21 In restricted supply of water concentration of the filtrate is done by the following except:
A) Counter current
B) Hormonal mechanism
C) Antidiuretic Hormone
D) Aldosterone
Answer:
D) Aldosterone
Answer:
Answer is “Aldosterone”.
Explanation:
Aldosterone is associated with active reabsorption of salts not of water. Whereas, rest of the choices are associated with concentration of urine and conservation of water.
Q.22 In sufficient or excess supply of water, reabsorption of water from filtrate is:
A) Increased
B) Maintained
C) Reduced
D) Stopped
Answer:
C) Reduced
Answer:
Answer is “Reduced”.
Explanation:
When sufficient or excess supply of water is available to our body, reabsorption from the glomerular filtrate will be reduced and more and more water will be allowed to leave the body in the form of urine.
Q.23 Reabsorption of water from filtrate is reduced in:
A) Surplus supply of water
B) Sufficient supply of water
C) Excess supply of water
D) Restricted supply of water
Answer:
C) Excess supply of water
Answer:
Answer is “Excess supply of water”.
Explanation:
When supply of water to the body is restricted the water inside the body is conserved to compensate it and vice versa.
Q.24 Mammalian kidney including human is adapted to conserve water by _______ reabsorption of glomerular filtrate.
A) 99.0%
B) 99.1%
C) 99.5%
D) Over 99.5%
Answer:
D) Over 99.5%
Answer:
Answer is “Over 99.5%”.
Explanation:
More than 99.5% water from filtrate is reabsorbed in human and mammalian kidney.
Q.25 The ________ of the kidney are gradually concentrated from cortical to medullary part of kidney.
A) Interstitial fluid
B) Glomerular filtrate
C) Blood
D) Interstitial fluid as well as filtrate
Answer:
D) Interstitial fluid as well as filtrate
Answer:
Answer is “Interstitial fluid as well as filtrate”.
Explanation:
The interstitial fluid of kidney becomes more and more concentrated form cortex to inner medulla which exerts osmotic pressure on the filtrate moving inside
the nephron thus making it more and more concentrated as well.
Q.26 Counter current multiplier causes gradual osmotic outflow of water from the filtrate back to kidney as it passes downward in the:
A) Proximal tubule
B) Collecting tubule
C) Descending loop of Henle
D) Distal tubule
Answer:
C) Descending loop of Henle
Answer:
Answer is “Descending loop of Henle”.
Explanation:
Water is passively reabsorbed from the filtrate back into blood stream while passing through the descending limb of loop of Henle.
Q.27 Ascending limb of loop of Henle does not allow ________ from its filtrate.
A) Outflow of sodium
B) Outflow of water
C) Outflow of salts
D) Outflow of any material
Answer:
B) Outflow of water
Answer:
Answer is “Outflow of water”.
Explanation:
Sodium is actively reabsorbed from filtrate under the influence of aldosterone hormone while passing through the ascending limb of loop of Henle, not water.
Q.28 Ascending loop of Henle actively transport ______ into kidney interstitium to sustain its high concentration.
A) Water
B) Na+ ions
C) Urea
D) H+ ions
Answer:
B) Na+ ions
Answer:
Answer is “Na+ ions”.
Explanation:
Sodium is actively reabsorbed from filtrate under the influence of aldosterone hormone while passing through the ascending limb of loop of Henle.
Q.29 Various factors of pathological and chemical nature may progressively destroy the nephron which results in:
A) Increase in the plasma level of urea
B) Decrease in other nitrogenous wastes
C) Decrease in the plasma level of urea
D) Decrease in the blood pressure
Answer:
A) Increase in the plasma level of urea
Answer:
Answer is “Increase in the plasma level of urea”.
Explanation:
When nephrons suffers from any disorder, they remain unable to filter the urea from blood and as a result of plasma level of urea increases.
Q.30 The function of the kidney is completely lost and it is unable to remove nitrogenous wastes, in:
A) Acute renal failure
B) Chronic renal failure
C) Partial renal failure
D) Kidney stones
Answer:
B) Chronic renal failure
Answer:
Answer is “Chronic renal failure”.
Explanation:
In chronic renal failure the kidneys will not remove the nitrogenous wastes from the blood.
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