Prepare for the Punjab Board 2027 Chemistry Examination with Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 26: Polymers Test 8, specially designed according to the latest syllabus issued by PECTAA Punjab. This comprehensive test includes all exercise-based MCQs, short questions, and long questions with answers to help students strengthen their concepts and improve examination performance. Covering the complete unit, this solved chapter test is an essential resource for Class 10 Chemistry exam preparation, self-assessment, and revision. It is part of our Chapter Wise Test Series for Punjab Board 2027 Model Papers, providing students with valuable practice material according to the latest paper pattern. Visit 786Times.com for more solved tests, study materials, and educational updates.
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PAPER NO.08
CHEMISTRY
CHAPTERWISE
Roll No.(in Figures):
(in Words):
NOTE:Four possible answers A, B, C and D to each question are given. The choice which you think is correct, fill that circle in front of that question with Marker or Pen ink. Cutting or filling two or more circles will result in zero mark in that question.
Q1.12
-
1.
Which of the following polymer is a synthetic polymer:
- (A) Starch
- (B) Cellulose
- (C) Animal fat
- (D) Polyester
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2.
The process of formation of a polymer from a monomer is called:
- (A) Condensation
- (B) Polymerization
- (C) Hydration
- (D) Esterification
-
3.
Which polymer has an amide linkage:
- (A) Polyester
- (B) Polyamide
- (C) Polyethene
- (D) Polystyrene
-
4.
The reaction in condensation polymerization takes place in presence of:
- (A) Heat only
- (B) Light only
- (C) An acid or a base
- (D) Water only
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5.
The structure of the monomer of the following polymer is:–CH2–CHOCOCH3
- (A) CH2 = CH2
- (B) CH2 = CH2 – CH3
- (C) CH2 = CH – OCOCH3
- (D) CH2 = CH – CO – O – CH3
-
6.
There are main types of polymers:
- (A) One
- (B) Two
- (C) Three
- (D) Four
-
7.
Which of the following polymers can be recycled?
- (A) PET
- (B) Polystyrene
- (C) PVC
- (D) Epoxy
-
8.
To find monomers from a polyamide, we break the:
- (A) Ester linkage
- (B) Amide linkage
- (C) Glycosidic linkage
- (D) Peptide linkage only
-
9.
Which of the following polymers is biodegradable?
- (A) Polyamide
- (B) Polyester
- (C) Starch
- (D) PET
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10.
Which synthetic fibers account for 69% of all material used in clothing industry?
- (A) Nylon and acrylic
- (B) Rayon and acrylic
- (C) Polyesters and nylon
- (D) PVC and polyethene
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11.
Which of the following polymers is obtained by condensation polymerization?
- (A) Polyvinyl chloride
- (B) Polystyrene
- (C) Polyamide
- (D) Polyethene
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12.
Discarded plastic articles can take up to how many years to break down?
- (A) 10 years
- (B) 100 years
- (C) 500 years
- (D) 1000 years
786Times – Chemistry Chapter 26: Polymers
Tip: tap a circle to mark your answer. Press “Show Answers” to see the correct options.
Here is Subjective Part of Chemistry Model Paper.
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Roll No.(in Figures):
(in Words):
Q2.Write short answers to any FIVE (5) questions:(5×2=10)
- (i)Give two examples each of addition polymers and condensation polymers.Addition polymers: polyethene, polypropylene (also PVC, polystyrene).
Condensation polymers: nylon (polyamide), polyester (PET). - (ii)What are polymers?Polymers are giant molecules made by joining a large number of small repeating units called monomers through covalent bonds. (Greek: poly = many, meros = parts.) Examples: polyethene, nylon, starch, protein.
- (iii)How polymers are useful for us?Polymers are used in clothing (nylon, polyester), packaging, bottles, pipes, toys, furniture, electrical insulation, tyres and medical items. Natural polymers such as starch, cellulose and proteins provide food, wood, cotton, wool and silk.
- (iv)What are condensation polymers?Condensation polymers are formed when monomers with two functional groups join together with the loss of a small molecule such as H2O or HCl at each link. Examples: nylon (polyamide) and polyester (PET).
- (v)How synthetic fibers are different from natural fibers?Synthetic fibers are made in factories from petrochemicals; they are strong, durable, cheap, wrinkle-resistant and quick-drying, but are not biodegradable. Natural fibers (cotton, wool, silk) come from plants or animals, absorb moisture well and are biodegradable.
- (vi)How can PET be recycled?Used PET bottles are collected, sorted, washed and shredded into flakes. The flakes are melted and made into pellets or fibers, which are used to make new bottles, clothing, carpets and fabrics.
- (vii)Are natural polymers hazardous for the environment?No. Natural polymers are biodegradable. Microorganisms break them down into simple harmless substances, so they do not pile up in the environment.
- (viii)How does an ester linkage form between two monomers?The –OH group of an alcohol (diol) monomer reacts with the –COOH group of a carboxylic acid (dicarboxylic acid) monomer. A molecule of water is lost and an ester linkage (–CO–O–) is formed between them.
Q3.Write short answers to any FIVE (5) questions:(5×2=10)
- (i)Draw the structures of the following polymers. (a) Polypropylene (b) Polystyrene(a) –CH2–CHCH3 (b) –CH2–CHC6H5
(a) Polypropylene (side group –CH3) (b) Polystyrene (side group is the phenyl ring, –C6H5) - (ii)How do you find the monomer from an addition polymer?Remove the square brackets and the subscript n, then change the single bond between the two backbone carbon atoms into a double bond. The remaining side group stays attached. Example: [–CH2–CHX–]n → CH2=CHX.
- (iii)Why is it dangerous to burn discarded articles made of plastics?Burning plastics releases poisonous gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride (from PVC) and dioxins, and large amounts of CO2. These cause air pollution, breathing problems, cancer risk and global warming.
- (iv)What properties make plastics widely used?Plastics are light in weight, strong, durable, cheap and easy to mould into any shape. They resist corrosion and chemicals, and are good insulators of heat and electricity.
- (v)How are synthetic fibers different from natural fibers?Synthetic fibers are man-made from petrochemicals, are stronger, longer-lasting and wrinkle-resistant, but are non-biodegradable. Natural fibers come from plants and animals, absorb sweat well and are biodegradable.
- (vi)Why is it not advisable to dump discarded synthetic articles in oceans?Synthetic articles do not biodegrade. They pollute the water, and sea animals swallow them or get trapped in them. They break into microplastics that enter the food chain and may reach humans.
- (vii)Why are natural polymers not hazardous for the environment?Natural polymers are decomposed by bacteria and fungi into harmless simple compounds. They are therefore biodegradable and do not accumulate as waste.
- (viii)What is polyethene?Polyethene is an addition polymer made from many molecules of ethene (CH2=CH2). n CH2=CH2 → [–CH2–CH2–]n It is used for shopping bags, bottles, pipes and packaging.
Q4.Write short answers to any FIVE (5) questions:(5×2=10)
- (i)What is the role of catalyst in addition polymerization?The catalyst (initiator) starts the reaction by opening the double bond of the first monomer, producing a reactive site (free radical). The chain then grows rapidly. The catalyst speeds up the reaction and is not used up.
- (ii)What is the importance of polyesters and nylon in clothing industry?Polyesters and nylon together make up about 69% of the material used in the clothing industry. The fabrics are strong, light, durable, wrinkle-resistant, quick-drying and cheaper than natural fibers.
- (iii)What are the adverse effects of plastics on the environment?Plastics are non-biodegradable and can take up to 1000 years to break down. They fill landfills, pollute land and water, harm animals, block drains, and give off toxic gases when burned.
- (iv)
Deduce the monomer from the following addition polymers. (a) –CH2–CHCl (b) –CH2–CHCN(a) Vinyl chloride: CH2=CH–Cl (the polymer is PVC)
(b) Acrylonitrile: CH2=CH–CN (the polymer is polyacrylonitrile) - (v)What is the abbrevation of PET?PET stands for Polyethylene terephthalate.
- (vi)How can we address the environmental challenges caused by plastics?By reducing the use of single-use plastics, reusing items, recycling plastics such as PET, using biodegradable alternatives, disposing of waste properly and spreading public awareness.
- (vii)What are the environmental challenges caused by plastics?Plastics persist for hundreds of years, pollute land, rivers and oceans, kill or injure wildlife, break into microplastics that enter the food chain, and release toxic gases when burned.
- (viii)How are polymers being 3D printed?A polymer filament (such as PLA or ABS) is heated until it melts and is pushed through a nozzle. The printer deposits the molten polymer layer by layer following a digital design, and each layer hardens on cooling to form the object.
(PART – II)
Note: Attempt any TWO questions.(2 × 9 = 18)
Q5.(a)How is PET formed? Can you recycle this polymer?5
Formation: PET is a polyester made by condensation polymerization of ethylene glycol (a diol) and terephthalic acid (a dicarboxylic acid) on heating with a catalyst. An ester linkage forms at each joint and water is lost.
n HO–CH2CH2–OH + n HOOC–C6H4–COOH → [–O–CH2CH2–O–CO–C6H4–CO–]n + 2n H2O
Recycling: Yes. PET can be recycled: bottles are collected, sorted, washed, shredded into flakes, melted and made into pellets or fibers for new bottles, clothes and carpets. This saves resources and reduces plastic waste.
(b)Describe polymers of plastic and their uses.4
Plastics are of two types:
- Thermoplastics soften on heating and can be remoulded: polyethene (bags, bottles), polystyrene (packaging, cups), PVC (pipes, cables), polypropylene (containers, ropes).
- Thermosetting plastics harden permanently and cannot be softened again: bakelite (switches, handles), melamine (crockery), epoxy (adhesives).
Q6.(a)Differentiate between addition and condensation polymerizations.5
(b)Describe the effects of synthetic polymers on the environment.4
| Addition polymerization | Condensation polymerization |
|---|---|
| Monomers contain a C=C double bond. | Monomers contain two functional groups (e.g. –OH, –COOH, –NH2). |
| Monomers simply add to each other. | Monomers join with loss of a small molecule (H2O, HCl). |
| No by-product is formed. | A by-product is formed. |
| Polymer has the same empirical formula as the monomer. | Polymer formula differs from the monomers. |
| Examples: polyethene, PVC, polystyrene. | Examples: nylon, polyester (PET). |
- Most synthetic polymers are non-biodegradable and stay for up to 1000 years.
- They pollute soil, rivers and oceans and fill landfills.
- Marine animals and birds swallow them or get entangled.
- Microplastics enter the food chain.
- Burning releases toxic gases and greenhouse gases.
Q7.(a)Write down reactions alongwith the conditions to prepare polyamide and polyester.5
Polyamide (nylon-6,6): a diamine reacts with a dicarboxylic acid on heating under pressure; an amide linkage forms and water is lost.
n H2N–(CH2)6–NH2 + n HOOC–(CH2)4–COOH → [–NH–(CH2)6–NH–CO–(CH2)4–CO–]n + 2n H2O
Conditions: heat and pressure.
Polyester (PET): a diol reacts with a dicarboxylic acid on heating with a catalyst; an ester linkage forms and water is lost. n HO–CH2CH2–OH + n HOOC–C6H4–COOH → [–O–CH2CH2–O–CO–C6H4–CO–]n + 2n H2O Conditions: heat and a catalyst.
(b)Describe the effects of synthetic polymers on the environment.4
Polyester (PET): a diol reacts with a dicarboxylic acid on heating with a catalyst; an ester linkage forms and water is lost. n HO–CH2CH2–OH + n HOOC–C6H4–COOH → [–O–CH2CH2–O–CO–C6H4–CO–]n + 2n H2O Conditions: heat and a catalyst.
- Most synthetic polymers are non-biodegradable and stay for up to 1000 years.
- They pollute soil, rivers and oceans and fill landfills.
- Marine animals and birds swallow them or get entangled.
- Microplastics enter the food chain.
- Burning releases toxic gases and greenhouse gases.
786Times – Chemistry Chapter 26: Polymers (Subjective)
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