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PECTAA Model Paper Class 8 pdf free download | General Science

Grade 8 Science PECTAA Model Paper 2027

Prepare for the upcoming examinations with the Class 8 General Science Model Paper 2027, designed for PECTA exam preparation and Punjab Board students. This model paper covers important questions, multiple-choice questions (MCQs), and subjective questions from Unit 1: Ecology and Unit 2: Human Nervous System. Students can use this Class 8 Science Model Paper 2027 to practise exam-style questions, revise key scientific concepts, and improve their preparation for the Punjab Grade 8 examinations. Download the model paper PDF and use it for effective revision and self-assessment.

MODEL PAPER No. – 1
Unit 1: Ecology (ماحولیاتی علم)
Unit 2: Human Nervous System (انسانی نظامِ اعصاب)

G. SCIENCE-8

(Part – A) Objective Type

Part A = 40 marks, Part B = 60 marks, Total = 100 Marks

Student Name (In Capitals):

Roll Number (In Figures):

For Official Use Only

Total Marks MCQs: __________

Signature of Assistant

Signature of Head Examiner

General Instructions / عمومی ہدایات

Dear Students! Read the following instructions carefully and act upon it. طلبہ! درج ذیل ہدایات کو غور سے پڑھیں اور ان پر عمل کریں۔

1. Wear mask and keep 3 ft distance to one another. ماسک پہنیں اور ایک دوسرے سے 3 فٹ کا فاصلہ رکھیں۔

2. Encircle the correct option of each Multiple-Choice Question (MCQ) as shown in the example given below with blue or black ink. ہر کثیر الانتخابی سوال کا درست جواب نیلی یا کالی سیاہی سے دائرہ لگا کر نشان زد کریں۔

Example: Corona spreads: (a) bacteria (b) fungi (c) algae (d) virus

Time: 1 hour Part A (Multiple Choice Questions) Total Marks: 40

Q.1: This paper contains forty (40) Multiple Choice Questions. Each question carries a total of 1 mark.

1. During respiration, plants and animals take in: تنفس کے دوران پودے اور جانور کیا لیتے ہیں؟

(a) Oxygen(b) Carbon dioxide (c) Hydrogen(d) Nitrogen

2. Which new species was introduced in the ecosystem in Philippines? فلپائن کے ماحولیاتی نظام میں کون سی نئی نوع متعارف ہوئی؟

(a) Toad(b) Golden snail (c) Lizard(d) Both a and b

3. Which one of the following is a source of fresh water? درج ذیل میں سے میٹھے پانی کا ذریعہ کون سا ہے؟

(a) A river(b) A lake (c) Canal(d) All of them

4. The living things of an environment are termed as: ماحول کی جاندار چیزیں کیا کہلاتی ہیں؟

(a) Animals(b) Plants (c) Biotic Components(d) Abiotic Components

5. The two elements essential for life are: زندگی کے لیے ضروری دو عناصر کون سے ہیں؟

(a) Sulphur and Oxygen (b) Carbon and Oxygen (c) Carbon and Sodium (d) Carbon and Sulphur

6. When plants prepare food in photosynthesis, they take in carbon from the atmosphere in the form of: ضیائی تالیف کے دوران پودے فضا سے کاربن کس شکل میں لیتے ہیں؟

(a) Coal(b) Charcoal (c) Carbon dioxide(d) Sodium carbonate

7. Which gas stops ultraviolet rays coming from the sun to the earth? کون سی گیس سورج کی بالائے بنفشی شعاعوں سے زمین کی حفاظت کرتی ہے؟

(a) Hydrogen(b) Nitrogen (c) Oxygen(d) Ozone

8. Which greenhouse gas is produced by burning fossil fuel? فوسل فیول جلانے سے کون سی گرین ہاؤس گیس پیدا ہوتی ہے؟

(a) Nitrogen(b) Hydrogen (c) Ozone(d) Carbon dioxide

9. The only planet of the solar system where life exists is: نظامِ شمسی کا وہ سیارہ جہاں زندگی موجود ہے:

(a) Earth(b) Mars (c) Jupiter(d) Uranus

10. Which types of products should be used to reduce pollution? آلودگی کم کرنے کے لیے کس قسم کی مصنوعات استعمال کرنی چاہئیں؟

(a) Water free(b) Carbon free (c) CFCs free(d) Oxygen free

G. SCIENCE-8 | Part A: MCQs

11. Central nervous system consists: مرکزی نظامِ اعصاب کن حصوں پر مشتمل ہے؟

(a) Brain(b) Spinal cord (c) Heart(d) Both a and b

12. The long projection of cell body which conducts messages away from the cell body is called: خلیے کے جسم سے پیغامات دور لے جانے والا طویل حصہ کیا کہلاتا ہے؟

(a) Axon(b) Dendrites (c) Nerve(d) Terminal end

13. Peripheral nervous system consists of: محیطی نظامِ اعصاب کن حصوں پر مشتمل ہے؟

(a) Brain(b) Spinal cord (c) Network of nerves(d) None

14. The nerves which arise from brain are called: دماغ سے نکلنے والے اعصاب کیا کہلاتے ہیں؟

(a) Cranial nerves(b) Optic nerves (c) Olfactory nerves(d) None

15. Which of the following is an example of voluntary action? درج ذیل میں سے ارادی عمل کی مثال کون سی ہے؟

(a) Speaking(b) Eating (c) Walking(d) All

16. The pathway of nerve impulses which complete a reflex action is called: رفلکس عمل مکمل کرنے والے عصبی پیغامات کا راستہ کیا کہلاتا ہے؟

(a) Reflex arc(b) Reflex cycle (c) Reflex mode(d) None

17. The parts of neuron which regenerate are: نیورون کے کون سے حصے درج ہیں؟

(a) Cell bodies(b) Dendrites (c) Axons(d) Nuclei

18. Heart beat is controlled by: دل کی دھڑکن کو کون کنٹرول کرتا ہے؟

(a) Cerebrum(b) Cerebellum (c) Medulla oblongata(d) Hypothalamus

19. During respiration, plants and animals release: تنفس کے دوران پودے اور جانور کیا خارج کرتے ہیں؟

(a) Oxygen(b) Hydrogen (c) Carbon dioxide(d) Nitrogen

20. A relationship where two species live together closely is called: دو انواع کے قریبی تعلق کو کیا کہتے ہیں؟

(a) Symbiosis(b) Mutualism (c) Predation(d) None

21. Which type of neurons are present in brain and spinal cord? دماغ اور حرام مغز میں کس قسم کے نیورون پائے جاتے ہیں؟

(a) Sensory neurons(b) Motor neurons (c) Interneurons(d) Mixed neurons

22. Which of the following is not a part of forebrain? درج ذیل میں سے کون سا اگلے دماغ کا حصہ نہیں ہے؟

(a) Cerebrum(b) Thalamus (c) Cerebellum(d) Hypothalamus

23. Which part of brain is involved in precise and accurate body movements? جسم کی درست اور متوازن حرکات میں دماغ کا کون سا حصہ شامل ہے؟

(a) Cerebellum(b) Cerebrum (c) Thalamus(d) Midbrain

24. What way does overpopulation increase global warming? آبادی میں اضافہ عالمی حدت کیسے بڑھاتا ہے؟

(a) It increases tree plantation, reducing CO2. (b) It increases the demand for fossil fuels, releasing more greenhouse gases. (c) It causes an increase in natural decomposition. (d) It leads to the protection of more natural habitats.

25. The interlinking of several food chains results in the formation of what? کئی غذائی زنجیروں کے باہمی تعلق سے کیا بنتا ہے؟

(a) Biomass(b) Food web (c) Symbiosis(d) Ecological community

26. The rise in Earth’s average temperature caused by the enhanced greenhouse effect is known as? گرین ہاؤس اثر میں اضافے سے زمین کے اوسط درجہ حرارت میں اضافہ کیا کہلاتا ہے؟

(a) Ozone depletion(b) Climate change (c) Global warming(d) Acid rain

27. Which option below is NOT a main division of the human brain? درج ذیل میں سے کون سا انسانی دماغ کی بنیادی تقسیم نہیں ہے؟

(a) Forebrain(b) Midbrain (c) Hindbrain(d) Spinal cord

28. Body temperature, hunger and thirst are controlled by which brain part? جسمانی درجہ حرارت، بھوک اور پیاس کو دماغ کا کون سا حصہ کنٹرول کرتا ہے؟

(a) Pons(b) Thalamus (c) Hypothalamus(d) Cerebellum

29. The main role of the nervous system is? نظامِ اعصاب کا بنیادی کردار کیا ہے؟

(a) Circulation and digestion (b) Transportation of oxygen (c) Communication and coordination of body functions (d) Immunity and protection

G. SCIENCE-8 | Part A: MCQs

30. A food chain in an ecosystem starts at which level? ماحولیاتی نظام میں غذائی زنجیر کس سطح سے شروع ہوتی ہے؟

(a) Carnivores(b) Primary consumers (c) Decomposers(d) Producers

31. The interdependent relationship between biotic and abiotic environmental components is termed as? جاندار اور غیر جاندار اجزا کے باہمی تعلق کو کیا کہتے ہیں؟

(a) Ecology(b) Food web (c) Ecosystem(d) Global warming

32. The basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system is called? نظامِ اعصاب کی بنیادی ساختی اور فعلی اکائی کیا کہلاتی ہے؟

(a) Axon(b) Dendrite (c) Neuron or nerve cell(d) Cranium

33. What protective structure encloses the human brain? انسانی دماغ کو کون سا حفاظتی ڈھانچہ گھیرے رکھتا ہے؟

(a) Vertebrae(b) Spinal cord (c) Cranium(d) Rib cage

34. The cells specialized for sensing stimuli and producing nerve impulses are called? محرکات محسوس کرنے اور عصبی پیغامات پیدا کرنے والے خلیے کیا کہلاتے ہیں؟

(a) Muscle cell(b) Receptors (c) Motor neurons(d) Effectors

35. What is the primary function of the Midbrain? درمیانی دماغ کا بنیادی کام کیا ہے؟

(a) Controlling heartbeat and breathing (b) Controlling balance and precise movements (c) Controlling body temperature (d) Receiving information from sense organs and sending it to the forebrain

36. Which gas is mainly released by burning fossil fuels that contributes to global warming? فوسل فیول جلانے سے کون سی گیس خارج ہوتی ہے جو عالمی حدت میں اضافہ کرتی ہے؟

(a) Oxygen(b) Nitrogen (c) Carbon dioxide(d) Sulphur dioxide

37. Through which process do green plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere? سبز پودے کس عمل کے ذریعے فضا سے کاربن ڈائی آکسائیڈ جذب کرتے ہیں؟

(a) Respiration(b) Photosynthesis (c) Decomposition(d) Combustion

38. An immediate unconscious response to a stimulus is termed as? محرک کے جواب میں فوری غیر ارادی ردِعمل کیا کہلاتا ہے؟

(a) Reflex action(b) Involuntary action (c) Voluntary action(d) Nerve impulses

39. Information processing and overall control of the nervous system is done by which part? نظامِ اعصاب میں معلومات کی پراسیسنگ اور مجموعی کنٹرول کون کرتا ہے؟

(a) Spinal nerves(b) Central Nervous System (c) Peripheral Nervous System(d) Cranial nerves

40. Messages are carried away from the neuron’s cell body by which part? نیورون کے خلیے کے جسم سے پیغامات کون سا حصہ دور لے جاتا ہے؟

(a) Nucleus(b) Axon (c) Cell body(d) Dendrite
MODEL PAPER No. – 1
Unit 1: Ecology | Unit 2: Human Nervous System

G. SCIENCE-8

(Part – B) Subjective Type

Part A = 40 marks, Part B = 60 marks, Total = 100 Marks

Student Name (In Capitals):

Roll Number (In Figures):

For Official Use Only

Marks: __________

Signature of Sub-Examiner

Signature of Assistant / Head Examiner

Time: 2 hours Part B Total Marks: 60

Q.2: Attempt any ten short questions from the following. درج ذیل میں سے کوئی دس مختصر سوالات حل کریں۔

(i) How does the balance of an ecosystem disturb?

(ii) What are Biotic and Abiotic factors in an ecosystem, and how does each type influence the other?

(iii) Differentiate between Oxygen cycle and Carbon cycle.

(iv) Define Food Chain.

(v) Write any three steps to reduce pollution.

(vi) What is meant by the 4R Concept in conservation of natural resources? List the four R words.

(vii) What are the effects of global warming?

(viii) How do the messages travel from one part of the body to the other?

(ix) On the basis of their functions classify neurons and list three main types.

(x) Why a motorcyclist is advised to wear the helmet?

(xi) Write the names of parts of the cerebrum and give one function of each part.

(xii) List the three major parts (divisions) of the Human Brain.

(xiii) Define Reflex Action and Reflex Arc.

(xiv) List the five structural components that form a reflex arc.

(xv) What would happen if a nerve connection broke?

Attempt any three long questions from the following. 3 × 10 = 30

Q.3 (a) Define Ecosystem and thoroughly explain its importance regarding the cyclic transport of energy and materials. (5)

(b) Explain the process of the carbon and oxygen cycle with reference to photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition and combustion. (5)

Q.4 (a) What are fossils and fossil fuels? Describe their respective importance. (5)

(b) Define Food Chain and describe the levels involved from producers to decomposers. (5)

Q.5 (a) Explain the phenomenon of Greenhouse Effect and global warming and describe the effects of global warming on polar ice and climate. (5)

(b) What is deforestation? Mention any two adverse effects of deforestation on the environment. (5)

Q.6 (a) What is Nervous system? Explain its major components, Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System. (5)

(b) Define Neuron and describe the structure of nerve cell, including the function of its terminal ends. (5)

Q.7 (a) Describe the structure and functions of the three parts of the Forebrain. (5)

(b) Explain the role of the Midbrain and the structure and function of the Cerebellum and Medulla Oblongata in the Hindbrain. (5)

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