Class 10 Computer Science and Entrepreneurship Chapter 1 Full Unit Test 6 is specially designed according to the latest syllabus issued by PECTAA Punjab for the Punjab Board Annual Examinations 2027. This comprehensive Chapter Wise Test covers the complete unit, Operating System: Structure & Services, and provides students with an opportunity to evaluate their understanding of important concepts through exam-oriented questions. The test is part of the Class 10 Computer Science Chapter Wise Test Series 2027, developed to support systematic preparation, concept revision, and self-assessment. Students preparing for the Punjab Board 2027 examinations can use this Full Unit Test to strengthen their subject knowledge and practise according to the new PECTAA syllabus and examination requirements.
Total Marks: 10(Objectives)Time: 15 min
Q.1:Tick ( ✔︎ ) the correct answer.
- 1.The core part of an operationg system (OS) is called?(a) Shell(b) Kernel(c) Driver(d) Library
- 2.A running program in a computer is called?(a) File(b) Process(c) Thread(d) Memory
- 3.Which type of Memory is also called RAM?(a) Secondary Memory(b) Cache Memory(c) Primary Memory(d) Virtual memory
- 4.Process are isolated to ensure:(a) speed only(b) Storage(c) Networking(d) Security and stability
- 5.Which system call creates a new process?(a) Read(b) Write(c) Fork(d) Open
- 6.Metadata includes:(a) Only file content(b) Hardware details(c) File size and creation date(d) internet settings
- 7.The main purpose of file system is to:(a) Manage and organize data(b) Play videos(c) Design software(d) Create Hardware
- 8.In Windows, user accounts can be created via:(a) Task Manager(b) Control Panel or Settings(c) Disk Management(d) BIOS settings
- 9.A graphical shell allows the user to:(a) Type commands only(b) Click icons and use menus(c) Interact only via code(d) Access only the BIOS
- 10.Threads in the same process:(a) Have separate memory spaces(b) Share the same memory and resources(c) Run on different OS(d) Cannot run simultaneously
Answer key: 1-(b) Kernel 2-(b) Process 3-(c) Primary Memory 4-(d) Security and stability 5-(c) Fork 6-(c) File size and creation date 7-(a) Manage and organize data 8-(b) Control Panel or Settings 9-(b) Click icons and use menus 10-(b) Share the same memory and resources
Here is Subjective Part of Model Paper 2027. Chapter No. 1 Operating System: Structure and Services.
Chapter Wise Class Test
T-6
Unit: 1 Operating Systems Structure and Services
2. Write short answers to any Four (4) questions:[2 × 4 = 8]
- What is an Operating System? Give examples.An OS is system software that manages hardware and software resources and provides services to users and programs. Examples: Windows, Linux, macOS, Android.
- Why is OS called a central system controller?Because it controls and coordinates the CPU, memory, storage and I/O devices, and decides which program uses which resource and when.
- Define Shell. Name its types.A shell is a program that takes user commands and passes them to the kernel. Types: Command Line Interface (CLI, e.g. Bash) and Graphical User Interface (GUI).
- What is meant by process?A process is a program in execution, with its own code, data, registers, stack and state.
- What is concurrency?Concurrency is the ability of the OS to manage multiple tasks in overlapping time periods by switching quickly between them.
- What is the convoy effect?In FCFS scheduling, short processes wait behind one long process, which lowers CPU and device utilisation and increases waiting time.
3. Write short answers to any Four (4) questions:[2 × 4 = 8]
- Why Memory is important in computers?Memory stores programs and data that the CPU needs, so the CPU can fetch instructions quickly and run programs.
- Why is virtual memory slower than RAM?Virtual memory uses disk space, which is far slower than RAM, and swapping pages in and out takes extra time.
- Differentiate a process and thread.A process is an independent program with its own memory; a thread is a lightweight unit inside a process that shares its memory and resources.
- What is the role of a system call?A system call lets a user program request services from the kernel, such as file access, process control or I/O.
- What are the main types of system calls include?Process control, file management, device management, information maintenance and communication.
- What is a file?A file is a named collection of related data stored on secondary storage.
4. Write short answers to any Four (4) questions:[2 × 4 = 8]
- What is metadata?Metadata is data about data, e.g. a file’s name, size, type, owner, permissions and dates.
- What is Real time operating system (RTOS)? Where it is used?An RTOS responds to events within strict time limits. Used in medical devices, robotics, aircraft control, industrial systems and missiles.
- How does the OS act as a translator between the user and hardware?It converts user commands and application requests into instructions the hardware understands, and returns the results in a usable form.
- Give one example of a system library and its purpose.libc (C library): provides standard functions such as printf() and malloc() that wrap system calls for programmers.
- Explain one advantage and one disadvantage of FCFS scheduling.Advantage: simple and fair, easy to implement. Disadvantage: long average waiting time (convoy effect).
- Define a system call.A system call is the programmatic interface through which a program requests a service from the OS kernel.
NOTE:- Give Detailed Answer of any TWO Questions.[8×2 = 16]
- 5.Describe the architecture of an operating system, explaining kernel, shell, and layered design with examples.Kernel: core of the OS; manages CPU, memory, devices and system calls (e.g. Linux kernel).
Shell: interface between user and kernel; CLI (Bash) or GUI (Windows Explorer).
Layered design: the OS is divided into layers, each using only the layer below it, which makes debugging and modification easier (e.g. THE OS).+---------------------------+ | Layer N : User Interface | +---------------------------+ | Layer 3 : I/O Management | +---------------------------+ | Layer 2 : Memory Mgmt | +---------------------------+ | Layer 1 : CPU Scheduling | +---------------------------+ | Layer 0 : Hardware | +---------------------------+ User → Shell → Kernel → Hardware
- 6.Differentiate between RAM and virtual memory, and explain how multithreading improves performance.RAM: physical, fast, volatile memory directly accessed by the CPU. Virtual memory: uses part of the disk as an extension of RAM; larger but slower, and lets big programs run.
Multithreading: several threads of one process run concurrently, sharing memory. This improves responsiveness, resource sharing, CPU utilisation (one thread can run while another waits for I/O) and scalability on multi-core CPUs. - 7.Describe system calls, their purpose, and give examples of at least three types.System calls are the interface between user programs and the kernel; they let programs safely use hardware and OS services.
1. Process control: fork(), exit(), wait().
2. File management: open(), read(), write(), close().
3. Device management: ioctl(), read(), write().
4. Information maintenance: getpid(), time().
5. Communication: pipe(), send(), receive().
